癌症是一组可影响身体任何部位的多种疾病的通称。使用的其它术语为恶性肿瘤和赘生物。癌症的一个决定性特征是异常细胞快速生成,这些细胞超越其通常边界生长并可侵袭身体的临近部位和扩散到其它器官。后者被称为转移。广泛转移是癌症死亡的主要原因。
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Diagnosing a completely new most cancers within a Expecting woman is difficult, in part mainly because any signs are generally assumed to become a normal discomfort affiliated with pregnancy. Therefore, most cancers is typically learned at a rather afterwards stage than regular.
值得注意的是,有些肿瘤并不能截然划分良恶性,病理学检查也可有一定偏差,需要更长时间的临床观察明确其性质。
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一些最常见的癌症类型,如乳腺癌、宫颈癌、口腔癌和结肠直肠癌等,如能早期发现并根据最佳做法进行治疗,治愈概率很高。
癌症多采用综合治疗,以外科手术、化疗、放疗相结合为主,有需要者可结合靶向治疗、生物治疗等方法,以提高预后。
On two December 2023, Nano Today published a groundbreaking discovery involving "NK cell-participating nanodrones" for targeted most cancers procedure. The event of "NK cell-participating nanodrones" signifies an important breakthrough in cancer procedure, showcasing how slicing-edge nanotechnology and immunotherapy may be blended to target and eradicate most cancers cells with unprecedented precision.
症状性癌症的早期诊断在所有环境中并且对大多数癌症都意义重大。癌症规划应旨在减少诊断、治疗和支持性护理方面的延误和障碍。
不斷增生的癌細胞撐破腫瘤,癌細胞因而擴散至腫瘤周遭的組織及鄰近的淋巴結甚至更遠處。此時癌細胞流竄於原始病灶附近,必需借助循環全身的化學治療藥物治療。
另一方面,現在有些方法則是想利用身體本身的免疫系統產生非專一性的免疫反應來對抗癌細胞,例如卡介苗膀胱內灌注免疫療法(英语:intravesical BCG 癌症 immunotherapy)將卡介苗灌注進入膀胱內,以引發免疫反應對抗表淺性膀胱癌(英语:superficial bladder cancer)。此外使用干擾素和介白質素,均可引起免疫反應。而使用疫苗所產生的免疫反應來對抗腫瘤的研究也正在進行當中,尤其是針對惡性黑色素瘤與腎細胞腫瘤(英语:renal cell carcinoma))。
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适时输液,补充水分及营养,避免水电解质紊乱、营养不良,尤其是进食不佳者。